The tables below give the armor penetration figures of the most common German guns used during the Second World War.

Listed is also some of the guns captured from other countries and used by the German armed forces. Some of these guns saw limited use. Others, such as the Czechoslovak 37 mm and 47 mm guns and the Russian 76.2 mm field gun, became an integral part of the German arsenal.

When using the test results, it is important to bear in mind the following:

  • Test plates were placed at an angle of 60 degrees from horizontal. Unless otherwise stated, the assumed impact angle is 60 degrees from horizontal.
  • The quality of the armor plates used to test ammunition would not always match real-world conditions.
  • Penetration numbers were not based solely on actual firing tests. Instead, penetration data from penetration tests would usually be extrapolated by adjusting for shell velocities. Because real-world penetration mechanics are much more complex than this, penetration numbers should only be considered a general guide.
  • Penetration data for different guns were calculated for different distances. As a result, the penetration data at some ranges are blank for some guns.
  • Some ammunition types, especially that with tungsten cores, was very rare. As the war progressed, German tungsten supplies became very low and production of tungsten-cored ammunition effectively ceased.

For a detailed description of the different ammunition type abbreviations, see the anti-tank ammunition types article.

German Guns

Rifle ammunition

Ammunition Type Weight Muzzle velocity Angle Range
100 m 500 m
Bullets
S. m. K. APCR 11.55 g 785 m/s 90° 13.0 mm 11.0 mm
60° 8.0 mm 3.5 mm
S. m. K. L'spur APCR-T 800 m/s 90° 10.0 mm 7.0 mm
S. m. K. H. APCR 12.6 g 60° 13.0 mm 7.5 mm
Rifle grenades
Gr. G. Pzgr. HEAT 387.0 g 50 m/s 60° 80.0 mm -
30° 40.0 mm -
Gr. G. Pzgr. mit verbessertem Drallschaft HEAT 387.0 g 65 m/s 60° 70-75 mm -

Anti-tank rifles

Ammunition Type Weight Muzzle velocity Range
100 m 300 m 500 m 1000 m
Schwere Panzerbüchse 41
2,8 cm Pzgr. 41 APCNR 121 g 1430 m/s 60 mm 49 mm 40 mm 19 mm

20 mm guns

Ammunition Type Weight Muzzle velocity Range
100 m 500 m 600 m
2 cm Kw K and 2 cm Kw K 38
2 cm Pzgr. L'spur AP-T 145 g 780 m/s 20 mm 15 mm
2 cm Pzgr. L'spur Zerl. 146 g
2 cm Pzgr. 40 L'spur APCR-T 100 g 1050 m/s 39 mm 15 mm
2 cm Flak 30, 2 cm Flak 38, and Flakvierling
2 cm Pzgr. L'spur Zerl. AP-T 146 g 800 m/s 20 mm 14 mm

37 mm guns

Ammunition Type Weight Muzzle velocity Range
100 m 200 m 400 m 500 m 1000 m 1500 m
3,7 cm Kw K
3,7 cm Pzgr. AP-HE-T 685 g 745 m/s 34 mm 29 mm 23 mm 19 mm
3,7 cm Pzgr. 40 APCR-T 360 g 1020 m/s 64 mm 53 mm 38 mm 31 mm - -
3,7 cm Pak
3,7 cm Pzgr. AP-HE-T 685 g 745 m/s 34 mm 29 mm 23 mm 19 mm
3,7 cm Pzgr. 40 APCR-T 360 g 1020 m/s 64 mm 53 mm 38 mm 31 mm - -
3,7 cm Stiel-Gr. 41 HEAT 8500 g 110 m/s 180 mm 180 mm - - - -
3,7 cm Flak 18 and 3,7 cm Flak 36
3,7 cm Pzgr. 18 mit Bd. Z. (5103 *) AP-HE-I 685 g 770 m/s 34 mm 28 mm 22 mm 19 mm

42 mm guns

Ammunition Type Weight Muzzle velocity Range
100 m 500 m 1000 m
4,2 cm Pak 41
4,2 cm Pzgr. 41 APCNR-T 360 g 1000 m/s 101 mm 67 mm 40 mm

50 mm guns

Ammunition Type Weight Muzzle velocity Range
100 m 300 m 500 m 600 m 800 m 1000 m 1500 m 2000 m
5 cm Kw K (L/42)
5 cm Pzgr. AP-HE-T 2.060 kg 685 m/s 53 mm 43 mm 32 mm 24 mm -
5 cm Pzgr. 39 APC-HE-T 2.060 kg 685 m/s 54 mm 45 mm 36 mm 28 mm 22 mm
5 cm Pzgr. 40 APCR-T 0.925 kg 1050 m/s 96 mm 75 mm 57 mm 37 mm - - -
5 cm Kw K 39 (L/60), 5 cm Kw K 39/1 (L/60), and 5 cm Kw K 39/2 (L/60)
5 cm Pzgr. AP-HE-T 2.060 kg 835 m/s 67 mm 57 mm 44 mm 34 mm -
5 cm Pzgr. 39 APC-HE-T 2.060 kg 835 m/s 69 mm 59 mm 48 mm 38 mm 29 mm
5 cm Pzgr. 40 APCR-T 0.925 kg 1180 m/s 130 mm 72 mm 63 mm 38 mm - -
5 cm Pzgr. 40/1 APCR-T 1.060 kg 1130 m/s 116 mm 76 mm 55 mm 44 mm - -
5 cm Pak 38
5 cm Pzgr. AP-HE-T 2.060 kg 835 m/s 67 mm 57 mm 44 mm 34 mm -
5 cm Pzgr. 39 APC-HE-T 2.060 kg 835 m/s 69 mm 59 mm 48 mm 38 mm 29 mm
5 cm Pzgr. 40 APCR-T 0.925 kg 1180 m/s 130 mm 72 mm 63 mm 38 mm - -
5 cm Pzgr. 40/1 APCR-T 1.060 kg 1130 m/s 116 mm 76 mm 55 mm 44 mm - -
5 cm Stiel-Gr. 42 HEAT 180 mm - - - - - -
5 cm Flak 41
5 cm Pzgr. 42 ABCBC-HE 2.230 kg 830 m/s 65 mm 50 mm

75 mm guns

Ammunition Type Weight Muzzle velocity Range
100 m 500 m 1000 m 1200 m 1500 m 2000 m
7,5 cm Kw K (L/24), 7,5 cm Stu K (L/24), and 7,5 cm K 37 (L/24)
7,5 cm K. Gr. rot Pz APCBC-HE-T 6.80 kg 385 m/s 41 mm 39 mm 35 mm 33 mm - -
7,5 cm Gr. 38 Hl HEAT 4.50 kg 452 m/s 45 mm 45 mm 45 mm 45 mm 45 mm -
7,5 cm Gr. 38 Hl/A HEAT 4.40 kg 450 m/s 70 mm 70 mm 70 mm 70 mm 70 mm -
7,5 cm Gr. 38 Hl/B HEAT-T 4.57 kg 450 m/s 75 mm 75 mm 75 mm 75 mm 75 mm -
7,5 cm Gr. 38 Hl/C HEAT-T 4.57 kg 450 m/s 100 mm 100 mm 100 mm 100 mm 100 mm -
7,5 cm Kw K 40 (L/43), 7,5 cm Kw K 40 (L/48), and 7,5 cm Stu K 40 (L/48)
7,5 cm Pzgr. 39 APCBC-HE-T 6.80 kg 740 m/s 99 mm 91 mm 82 mm 72 mm 63 mm
7,5 cm Pzgr. 40 APCR-T 4.10 kg 930 m/s 126 mm 108 mm 87 mm 69 mm -
7,5 cm Pzgr. 40 (W) APBC-T 4.10 kg 930 m/s 77 mm 70 mm 55 mm 38 mm -
7,5 cm Gr. 38 Hl/B HEAT-T 4.57 kg 450 m/s 75 mm 75 mm 75 mm 75 mm 75 mm -
7,5 cm Gr. 38 Hl/C HEAT-T 4.57 kg 450 m/s 100 mm 100 mm 100 mm 100 mm 100 mm -
7,5 cm Kw K 42 (L/70)
7,5 cm Pzgr. 39/42 APCBC-HE-T 6.80 kg 935 m/s 138 mm 124 mm 111 mm 99 mm 88 mm
7,5 cm Pzgr. 40/42 APCR-T 4.75 kg 1070 m/s 180 mm 159 mm 136 mm 114 mm 94 mm
7,5 cm Pak 40
7,5 cm Pzgr. 39 APCBC-HE-T 6.80 kg 750 m/s 99 mm 91 mm 82 mm 72 mm 63 mm
7,5 cm Pzgr. 40 APCR-T 4.15 kg 930 m/s 126 mm 108 mm 87 mm 69 mm -
7,5 cm Pzgr. 40 (W) APBC-T 4.15 kg 930 m/s 77 mm 69 mm 56 mm 38 mm -
7,5 cm Gr. 38 Hl/B HEAT-T 4.57 kg 450 m/s 75 mm 75 mm 75 mm 75 mm 75 mm -
7,5 cm Gr. 38 Hl/C HEAT-T 4.57 kg 450 m/s 100 mm 100 mm 100 mm 100 mm 100 mm -
7,5 cm Pak 41
7,5 cm Pzgr. 41 (HK) APCR-T 2.50 kg 1220 m/s 193 mm 167 mm 137 mm 108 mm 82 mm
7,5 cm Pzgr. 41 (W) APNR-T 2.50 kg 930 m/s 86 mm 78 mm 67 mm 53 mm -
7,5 cm Pak 97/38 (L/36)
7,5 cm Gr. 38/97 Hl/A (f) HEAT 4.40 kg 450 m/s 70 mm 70 mm 70 mm 70 mm 70 mm -
7,5 cm Gr. 38/97 Hl/B (f) HEAT-T 4.57 kg 450 m/s 75 mm 75 mm 75 mm 75 mm 75 mm -
7,5 cm Gr. 15/97 Hl/B (f) HEAT
7,5 cm Gr. 38/97 Hl/C (f) HEAT-T 4.80 kg 450 m/s 100 mm 100 mm 100 mm 100 mm 100 mm -
7,5 cm Gr. 15/97 Hl/C (f) HEAT
7,5 cm Rf K 43
HEAT 2.55 kg 160 m/s 120 mm - - - - -
7,5 cm Leichtes Infanteriegeschütz 18 and 7,5 cm Leichtes Gebirgsinfanterie-Geschütz 18
7,5 cm Igr. 38 HEAT 2.95 kg 260 m/s 28 mm - - - -
7,5 cm Igr. 38 Hl/A HEAT-T 3.00 kg 330 m/s 75 mm 75 mm - - - -
7,5 cm Igr. Hl/A
7,5 cm Igr. 38 Hl/B HEAT - - 90 mm 90 mm - - - -

76.2 mm guns

Ammunition Type Weight Muzzle velocity Range
100 m 500 m 1000 m 1500 m 2000 m
7,62 cm Pak 36
7,62 cm Pzgr. 39 rot APCBC-HE-T 7.60 kg 710 m/s 98 mm 90 mm 82 mm 73 mm 65 mm
7,62 cm Pzgr. 40 APCR-T 4.20 kg 960 m/s 135 mm 116 mm 94 mm 75 mm -
7,62 cm Gr. 38 Hl/B HEAT-T 4.75 kg 450 m/s 75 mm 75 mm 75 mm 75 mm -
7,62 cm Gr. 38 Hl/C HEAT-T 5.00 kg 450 m/s 100 mm 100 mm 100 mm 100 mm -

88 mm guns

Ammunition Type Weight Muzzle velocity Range
100 m 500 m 1000 m 1500 m 2000 m
8,8 cm Kw K 36 (L/56)
8,8 cm Pzgr. APCBC-HE-T 9.50 kg 810 m/s 97 mm 93 mm 87 mm 80 mm 72 mm
8,8 cm Pzgr. 39 APCBC-HE-T 10.20 kg 773 m/s 120 mm 110 mm 100 mm 91 mm 84 mm
8,8 cm Pzgr. 40 APCR-T 7.30 kg 930 m/s 170 mm 155 mm 138 mm 123 mm 110 mm
8,8 cm Gr. 39 Hl HEAT 7.65 kg 600 m/s 90 mm 90 mm 90 mm 90 mm 90 mm
8,8 cm Kw K 43 (L/71) and 8,8 cm Pak 43 (L/71)
8,8 cm Pzgr. 39-1 APCBC-HE-T 10.00 kg 1000 m/s 203 mm 185 mm 165 mm 148 mm 132 mm
8,8 cm Pzgr. 39/43 APCBC-HE-T 10.16 kg 1000 m/s 203 mm 185 mm 165 mm 148 mm 132 mm
8,8 cm Pzgr. 40/43 APCR-T 7.30 kg 1130 m/s 238 mm 217 mm 193 mm 170 mm 153 mm
8,8 cm R Werfer 43 (Puppchen)
HEAT 150 m/s 150 mm - - - -
8,8 cm R Pz B 54 (Panzerschreck)
8,8 cm R Pz B 54 Gr. 4322 HEAT 3.25 kg 100 m/s 160 mm - - - -
8,8 cm Flak 18, 36, and 37
8,8 cm Pzgr. Bd. Z. 5127 APCBC-HE-I-T 9.65 kg 810 m/s 97 mm 93 mm 87 mm 80 mm 72 mm
8,8 cm Gr. 39 Hl HEAT 7.65 kg 600 m/s 90 mm 90 mm 90 mm 90 mm 90 mm
8,8 cm Flak 41
8,8 cm Pzgr. 39-1 APCBC-HE-T 10.00 kg 980 m/s 194 mm 177 mm 159 mm 142 mm 127 mm
8,8 cm Pzgr. 40 APCR-T 7.30 kg 1125 m/s 237 mm 216 mm 192 mm 171 mm 152 mm

105 mm guns

Ammunition Type Weight Muzzle velocity Range
100 m 500 m 1000 m 1500 m 2000 m
s 10 cm K 18
10 cm Pzgr. rot APCBC-HE 15.56 kg 805 m/s 164 mm 149 mm 133 mm 119 mm 109 mm
10,5 cm le F H 18 (L/28) and 10,5 cm Stu H 42 (L/28)
10 cm Pzgr. AP-HE 14.00 kg 470 m/s 63 mm 59 mm 54 mm 50 mm 46 mm
10 cm Gr. 39 Hl/A HEAT 12.30 kg 495 m/s 80 mm 80 mm 80 mm 80 mm 80 mm
10 cm Gr. 39 Hl/B HEAT 12.10 kg 495 m/s 90 mm 90 mm 90 mm 90 mm 90 mm
10 cm Gr. 39 Hl/C HEAT 12.35 kg 495 m/s 100 mm 100 mm 100 mm 100 mm 100 mm

128 mm guns

Ammunition Type Weight Muzzle velocity Range
100 m 500 m 1000 m 1500 m 2000 m
12,8 cm K 40 (L/61)
12,8 cm Pzgr. APC-HE 26.35 kg 880 m/s 201 mm 176 mm 150 mm 132 mm 120 mm
12,8 cm Pak 80
12,8 cm Pzgr. APC-HE 26.35 kg 860 m/s 189 mm 166 mm 143 mm 127 mm 117 mm
12,8 cm Pzgr. 43 APCBC-HE 28.30 kg 845 m/s 187 mm 178 mm 167 mm 157 mm 148 mm
Gr. 38 Hl/C HEAT 4.80 kg 450 m/s 100 mm 100 mm 100 mm 100 mm -

150 mm guns

Ammunition Type Weight Muzzle velocity Angle Range
100 m 500 m 1000 m 1500 m 2000 m
15 cm s I G 33
15 cm Igr. 39 Hl HEAT-T 25.0 kg 275 m/s 60° 130 mm 130 mm 130 mm 130 mm 130 mm
45° 100-110 mm 100-110 mm 100-110 mm 100-110 mm 100-110 mm
15 cm Igr. 39 Hl/A HEAT-T 25.0 kg 275 m/s 60° 160 mm 160 mm 160 mm 160 mm 160 mm
15 cm Stu H 43 (L/12)
15 cm Igr. 39 Hl/A HEAT-T 25.0 kg 275 m/s 60° 160 mm 160 mm 160 mm 160 mm 160 mm
15 cm s F H 13 (L/17)
15 cm Igr. 39 Hl/A HEAT-T 25.0 kg 460 m/s 60° 160 mm 160 mm 160 mm 160 mm 160 mm
15 cm s F H 18 (L/29,5)
15 cm Igr. 39 Hl/A HEAT-T 25.0 kg 465 m/s 60° 160 mm 160 mm 160 mm 160 mm 160 mm

Czechoslovak Guns

Czechoslovak 37 mm guns

Ammunition Type Weight Muzzle velocity Range
100 m 200 m 400 m 500 m 1000 m 1500 m
3,7 cm Kw K 34 (t)
3,7 cm Pzgr. 34 (t) APC-HE 850 g 675 m/s 35 mm 30 mm 23 mm 21 mm
3,7 cm Pzgr. 34 (t) umg. APC-HE 815 g 675 m/s 34 mm 29 mm 25 mm 22 mm
3,7 cm Pzgr. 40 (t) APCR 368 g 980 m/s 60 mm 39 mm - -
3,7 cm Kw K 38 (t)
3,7 cm Pzgr. 37 (t) APC-HE 850 g 741 m/s 36 mm 31 mm 24 mm 22 mm
3,7 cm Pzgr. 37 (t) umg. APC-HE-T 815 g 750 m/s 41 mm 33 mm 27 mm 24 mm
3,7 cm Pzgr. 40/37 (t) APCR-T 368 g 980 m/s 64 mm 53 mm 38 mm - - -
3,7 cm Pak 37 (t)
3,7 cm Pzgr. 37 (t) APC-HE 850 g 741 m/s 36 mm 31 mm 24 mm 22 mm
3,7 cm Pzgr. 37 (t) umg. APC-HE-T 815 g 750 m/s 41 mm 33 mm 27 mm 24 mm
3,7 cm Pzgr. 40/37 (t) APCR-T 368 g 980 m/s 64 mm 53 mm 38 mm - - -
3,7 cm Stiel-Gr. 42 (t) HEAT 9500 g 110 m/s 180 mm - - - - -

Czechoslovak 47 mm guns

Ammunition Type Weight Muzzle velocity Range
100 m 500 m 800 m 1000 m 1500 m
4,7 cm Pak K 36 (t)
4,7 cm Pzgr. 36 (t) AP-HE 1.65 kg 775 m/s 54 mm 48 mm 41 mm 35 mm
4,7 cm Pzgr. 36 (t) umg. APC-HE-T 1.51 kg 775 m/s 44 mm 41 mm 34 mm 25 mm
4,7 cm Pzgr. 40 (t) APCR-T 0.83 kg 1080 m/s 99 mm 59 mm 39 mm - -

French Guns

Gun Ammunition Shot type Weight Muzzle velocity 100 m 500 m 1000 m 1500 m
13,2 mm M G 271 (f) 13,2 cm Pzgr 821 (f) APCR 52 g 800 m/s
  • 90°: 22.5 mm
  • 60°: 12.0 mm
  • 90°: 14.0 mm
  • 60°: 8.0 mm
- -
  • 2,5 cm Pak 112 (f) (34 SA)
  • 2,5 cm Pak 113 (f) (37 SA-L)
2,5 cm Pzgr. 114 (f) APCR 320 g 920 m/s 35 mm 29 mm 20 mm -
2,5 cm Kw K 121 (f) (35 SA) 2,5 cm Pzgr. 122 (f) APCR 320 g 950 m/s
  • 90°: 47 mm
  • 60°: 35 mm
  • 45°: 18 mm
  • 90°: 40 mm
  • 60°: 30 mm
  • 45°: 16 mm
  • 90°: 30 mm
  • 60°: 20 mm
  • 45°: 15 mm
-
3,7 cm Kw K 143 (f) (38 SA) 3,7 cm Pzgr. 146 (f) AP 0.70 kg 705 m/s 29 mm 23 mm 16 mm 12 mm
3,7 cm Kw K 144 (f) 3,7 cm Pzgr. 144 (f) - 0.39 kg 600 m/s 25 mm 19 mm - -
4,7 cm Kw K 173 (f) 4,7 cm Pzgr. 176 (f) AP 1.62 kg 660 m/s 39 mm 33 mm 26 mm 20 mm
4,7 cm Pak 181 (f) 4,7 cm Pzgr. 178 (f) APCBC 1.73 kg 855 m/s 57 mm 50 mm 42 mm 36 mm
4,7 cm Pzgr. 40 (f) APCR-T 0.83 kg 1170 m/s 123 mm 70 mm - -
4,7 cm Stiel-Gr. 42 (f) HEAT 12.20 kg 170 m/s 180 mm - - -

Russian Guns

Gun Ammunition Shot type Weight Muzzle velocity 100 m 500 m 1000 m 1500 m 2000 m
  • Gew 252 (r)
  • Gew 253 (r)
  • Gew 254 (r)
  • Gew 255 (r)
  • Zielfernrohr-Gew 256 (r)
  • Selbstlade-Gew 257 (r)
  • Selbstlade-Gew 258 (r)
  • Selbstlade-Gew 259 (r)
  • Selbstlade-Zielfernrohr-Gew 260 (r)
  • Kar 453 (r)
  • Kar 454 (r)
7,62 mm S m K H Br 265/36 (r) APCR 12.1 g 780 m/s
  • 90°: 18 mm
  • 60°: 11 mm
- - - -
  • 12,7 mm MG 268 (r)
  • 12,7 mm Flzg MG (r)
12,7 mm S m K 725/1 (r) APCR 51.9 g 860 m/s
  • 90°: 22.5 mm
  • 60°: 12.0 mm
- - - -
12,7 mm S m K L'Spur Br 727/26 (r) APCR 43.7 g 895 m/s
  • 90°: 20 mm
  • 60°: 10 mm
- - - -
14,5 mm Panzer-Abwehr-Büchse 783 (r) 14,5 mm S m K H Br 945/36 (r) APCR 64.2 g 1000 m/s 30 mm 25 mm - - -
4,5 cm Kw K 184 (r) Pzgr. (r) - 1.43 kg 760 m/s 42 mm 35 mm 28 mm 23 mm -
7,62 cm Kw K L/30,5 7,62 cm Pzgr. 39 rot APCBC-HE 7.60 kg 575 m/s 72 mm 66 mm 58 mm 51 mm -
7,62 cm Kw K L/41,5 7,62 cm Pzgr. 39 rot APCBC-HE 7.60 kg 625 m/s 82 mm 75 mm 67 mm 60 mm 54 mm

Additional Reading

Anti-tank Ammunition Types
Descriptions of the different types of anti-tank ammunition used during the Second World War.
German Ammunition Nomenclature
Guide to the ammunition types and names used by the German army.
German Ammunition Loadouts
Data on how many rounds of each ammunition type was allocated to different unit types.
German APCR Ammunition
The availability of German APCR ammunition.

Sources

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  2. Geschoßringbuch Band II. Berlin : WaA, 1939. 97 p. D 460/2+.
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  13. Vorläufige Schußtafel für die 15 cm Sturmhaubitze 43 (L/12) - 15 cm Stu H 43 (L/12) - mit 15 cm Infanteriegranate 38, 15 cm Infanteriegranate 39 Hl/A, 15 cm Infanteriegranate 38 Nebel. 1943. 65 p. H Dv 119/336. NARA T283 R12.
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  16. Vorläufige Schußtafel für die 8,8 cm Kampfwagenkanone 43 (L/71) 8,8 cm Panzerjägerkanone 43/1 (L/71) 8,8 cm Panzerjägerkanone 43/2 (L/71) 8,8 cm Panzerjägerkanone 43/3 (L/71) 8,8 cm Panzerjägerkanone 43/41 (L/71). 1944. 171 p. H Dv 119/329. NARA T283 R12.
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